The Social Theories in Climate Change: An Analysis of the Agricultural Productivity of Farmers in the Municipality of Bustos

Authors

  • Romar C. Ignacio, MTE Bulacan State Universty Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.63931/57tpkt14

Keywords:

Adaptive Capacity, Agricultural Productivity, Climate Change, Climate-Resilient Crops, Food Security

Abstract

The Philippines is an agricultural country where farm products are vital to economic growth and food security. From a Structural Functionalist perspective, the Philippines' agricultural sector serves as a critical subsystem for maintaining societal equilibrium and food security, yet this stability is currently undermined by environmental dysfunctions. Using Social Ecology theory, the vulnerability of arrowroot and rice farmers in Bustos, Bulacan highlights the precarious relationship between human labor and a volatile climate, where extreme weather events disrupt the traditional "metabolic rift" between rural production and national consumption. Human Capital Theory suggests that while farmers possess indigenous knowledge, a "knowledge gap" in climate-resilient crop selection and information dissemination limits their adaptive capacity and threatens their socioeconomic survival. Moving forward, Risk Society theory explains that agricultural instability is no longer just a natural occurrence but a manufactured risk requiring institutional intervention to prevent total systemic collapse of food stability.  This study employed descriptive research to examine the impacts of climate change on agriculture. Findings indicate that climate change has adverse effects on farm yields. Important predictors include farmers’ training, knowledge, awareness of global warming, preparation levels, and access to climate-related information. However, two critical areas remain underemphasized: proper selection of climate-resilient crop varieties and effective dissemination of climate change information to farming communities. The practical implication of this research is clear: rice and arrowroot production are increasingly vulnerable to climate variability, leading to reduced supply and potential threats to food stability in the Philippines.

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Published

2025-12-30

Issue

Vol. 5 No. 2 (2025): The PASR Journal

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Articles

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Copyright (c) 2025 Romar C. Ignacio, MTE (Author)

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

How to Cite

Ignacio, R. (2025). The Social Theories in Climate Change: An Analysis of the Agricultural Productivity of Farmers in the Municipality of Bustos. Philippine Association for the Sociology of Religion Journal, 5(2), 72-86. https://doi.org/10.63931/57tpkt14